Biomass Power Plant System
Biomass is used for facility heating, electric power generation, and combined heat and power. The term biomass encompasses a large variety of materials, including wood, bark, agave fiber, rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, construction debris, nuts, shells, husks, paper, card/board products, hog fuel, sawdust, shavings, and/or sludge.
Biomass can be converted into electric power through several methods. The most common is direct combustion of biomass material, such as agricultural waste or woody materials. Other options include gasification, pyrolysis, and anaerobic digestion. Gasification produces a synthesis gas with usable energy content by heating the biomass with less oxygen than needed for complete combustion. Pyrolysis yields bio-oil by rapidly heating the biomass in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic digestion produces a renewable natural gas when organic matter is decomposed by bacteria in the absence of oxygen.
A simple biomass electric generation system is made up of several key components. For a steam cycle, this includes some combination of the following items:
Fuel storage and handling equipment
Combustor / furnace
Boiler
Pumps
Fans
Steam turbine
Generator
Condenser
Cooling tower
Exhaust / emissions controls
System controls (automated)
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